Unaccounted For Water Reduction as part of an Integrated Water Resource Management – Experiences from KfW funded Programs Gerhard Zimmerl, Dipl. Ing. – SETEC Engineering, Austria Abstract The paper draws on the experience of the author who has worked since more than 15 years in many water supply system rehabilitation and Unaccounted For Water (Non Revenue Water) reduction projects in Africa, Asia and Europe. Among these projects were a number of KfW funded programs e.g. Karak/Jordan, Jenin/Palestine, Kahramanmaras/Turkey, Taiz/Yemen, Belgrade, Novi Sad and Niš/Serbia, Kakanj/Bosnia & Hercegovina, Tetovo/Macedonia, Berat & Kucova/Albania, Arusha, Moshi and Tanga/Tanzania. The question whether to use the terminology UFW (Unaccounted For Water) or NRW (Non Revenue Water) depends on the circumstances. The International Water Association has recommended to use the term NRW instead of UFW however, in many international publications the term UFW is still very popular and it is also widely used in the Arab World so that the author will also use this terminology within this report.  Unaccounted For Water Reduction measures have been broadly discussed on many international conferences and workshops throughout the last 15 years and some of the following explanation and description may be common knowledge, however, this paper shall give a brief summary on the topics of  Prevailing problem situation in water supply systems on UFW The targets to be achieved and the required methodology Capital costs for Water loss reduction programs Achievable benefit for water utilities and consumers  The paper will elaborate on the sequence and practical approach for investments and accompanying measures which are recommended to be implemented in order to achieve a gradual reduction of physical as well as administrative water losses. The proposed methodology is based on the practical experience collected during execution of several projects in the Middle East Region as well as in Africa or Europe.  The issue of reducing water losses and wastage has become more stringent within the last decade because of the decreasing possibility to develop new water sources. In particular the development of new sources in semi-arid and arid countries is either not feasible because of the enormous investments or not sustainable because the development and operations investments, which would be required, are excessive and therefore it is more economic to use the available water sources carefully instead of looking into the possibility of developing new ones.